Standards

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 * Objectives:
 * Understand the structure of DNA and the process of DNA replication
 * Describe the process of protein synthesis
 * Recognize the importance of proteins in the human body
 * Understand how mutations affect protein synthesis and how they can cause genetic disorders

Ohio Standards**
 * Life Sciences

Characteristics and Structure of Life1. Recognize that information stored in DNA provides the instructions for assembling protein molecules used by the cells that determine the characteristics of the organism.Heredity4. Investigate variations that exist among individuals of the same kind of plant or animal.

4. Compare similarities and differences among individuals of the same kind of plants and animals, including people.5. Illustrate the relationship of the structure and function of DNA to protein synthesis and the characteristics of an organism.

6. Explain that a unit of hereditary information is called a gene, and genes may occur in different forms called alleles (e.g., gene for pea plant height has two alleles, tall and short).

7. Describe that spontaneous changes in DNA are mutations, which are a source of genetic variation. When mutations occur in sex cells, they may be passed on to future generations; mutations that occur in body cells may affect the functioning of that cell or the organism in which that cell is found.